Sec. 7. Studies; agency directives
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In this section, the term microplastic means a plastic or plastic-coated particle that is less than 5 millimeters in any dimension. The Administrator shall not expand the scope of the National Recycling Strategy of the Environmental Protection Agency to include facilities that treat plastic waste through the use of pyrolysis, gasification, or similar chemical recycling technologies. The Commissioner of Food and Drugs, in consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture and the heads of other necessary Federal departments and agencies, such as the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, shall conduct a nationwide study on the presence and sources of microplastics in food (including drink) products, including food products containing fish, meat, fruits, or vegetables.
Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Commissioner of Food and Drugs shall submit to Congress, and make publicly available, a report describing the results of the study under this subsection. There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this subsection. The Administrator shall establish a pilot program (referred to in this subsection as the pilot program ) to test the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of tools, technologies, and techniques— to remove microplastics from the environment without causing additional harm to the environment; and to prevent the release of microplastics into the environment.
In carrying out the pilot program, the Administrator shall include testing of, and an analysis and mitigation of any environmental impacts on— natural infrastructure; green infrastructure (as defined in section 502 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act ( 33 U.S.C. 1362 )); and mechanical removal systems (such as pumps) and filtration technologies, including consideration of potential negative ecological impacts that may result from filtration in natural waterways and ocean waters.
The Administrator may carry out under the pilot program projects located in— stormwater systems; wastewater treatment facilities; drinking water systems; ports, harbors, inland waterways, estuaries, and marine environments; and roadways, highways, and other streets used for vehicular travel. In determining selection criteria and projects to carry out under the pilot program, the Administrator shall conduct outreach to— the Interagency Marine Debris Coordinating Committee established by section 5(a) of the Marine Debris Act ( 33 U.S.C. 1954(a) ); and stakeholders and experts in the applicable field, as determined by the Administrator.
Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to Congress a report describing the outreach conducted under paragraph (4). Not later than 3 years after the date on which the Administrator establishes the pilot program, the Administrator shall submit to Congress a report describing the effectiveness of projects carried out under the pilot program. Not later than 1 year after the date on which the Administrator submits to Congress the report required under paragraph (5)(B), the Administrator shall initiate a rulemaking to address abatement and mitigation of microplastics in the locations described in paragraph
(3)using technologies and methods tested under the pilot program. There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this subsection. The Director of the National Institutes of Health shall conduct or support research on the presence of microplastics in the human body, which may include determining how the presence of microplastics in organs and biospecimens, including urine, breastmilk, and stool, impacts human health. Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, and annually for each of the 4 years thereafter, the Director of the National Institutes of Health shall submit to Congress, and make publicly available, a report that provides an overview of the research conducted or supported under this subsection, together with any relevant findings. There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this subsection.
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