Sec. 204. National Institute of Food and Agriculture
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The Secretary, acting through the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, shall carry out research, development, and demonstration activities in each of the areas described in this subsection. The Secretary shall establish 1 or more test facilities for innovative approaches for treating biomass for use in fuels and electricity generation, including modeling and analysis of optimizing biomass gathering, upgrading, and supply. In carrying out subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall— consider facilities with the capability for small-scale and mobile applications; and prioritize waste feedstocks from managed ecosystems, urban areas, and areas damaged by severe weather events.
The Secretary shall— research pathways for the conversion of biomass to fuels with biochar, including fast pyrolysis, development of mobile processing units, and pollution emissions control technology; and conduct relevant assessments of overall carbon dioxide removal potential. The Secretary shall carry out other carbon dioxide removal research, development, and demonstration activities, as determined by the Secretary. In carrying out the activities under subsection (a), the Secretary shall collaborate with the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy.
In carrying out research, development, and demonstration on biomass as a feedstock, the Secretary shall consider— the emissions impacts of biomass harvest and processing; unintended disturbances to ecosystem carbon stocks; indirect land-use change; alternative fates of biomass used; and the social impacts of any air pollutants. There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section— $6,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; $30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2027 through 2030; $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2031; $18,000,000 for fiscal year 2032; and $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2033.