Sec. 4. Study of aquaculture permitting standards
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Not later than 30 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Ocean Studies Board of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine shall complete a study to develop the scientific basis for efficient and effective regulation of offshore aquaculture. The study required by subsection
(a)shall, with respect to offshore aquaculture— identify— optimal methods of operation of aquaculture facilities to promote high yields and limit adverse effects on the environment, wildlife, and human well-being, including— considerations to guide siting decisions of such facilities; and appropriate stocking densities; a science-based definition of sustainable aquaculture feed or other inputs; potential adverse effects on the environment, wildlife, and human well-being, including from— the use of antibiotics and other pharmaceuticals by aquaculture facilities, including analyses necessary to establish acceptable rates, impact levels, and risk thresholds, such as organism antibiotic consumption or metabolization versus excretion to the surrounding environment; assimilation of pollution originating from such facilities on marine organisms; the risk posed by misplaced or damaged equipment; the risk of wildlife entanglements; interbreeding or the spread of disease; the source and sustainability of brood stock for offshore aquaculture operations and impacts of hatcheries and prestocking rearing operations that are specific to offshore aquaculture; large-scale cultivation of filter-feed bivalve organisms and seaweed on the marine food webs; aquaculture facilities acting as aggregating devices and increasing the vulnerability of wild fisheries and wildlife populations to fishing or other sources of mortality; and the use of nonsustainable sources of feed or other inputs; potential methods and technologies to mitigate adverse effects, including those identified under subparagraph (C); potential conflicts and solutions to mitigate such conflicts between offshore aquaculture facilities and other users of the offshore environment; the types of data and qualitative information necessary for the optimal operation of such facilities and appropriate methods of procuring such data information, including from citizen science (as defined in section 402 of the Crowdsourcing and Citizen Science Act ( 15 U.S.C. 3724 ) and the traditional aquaculture knowledge of Tribal and Indigenous communities; the applicability and sufficiency of existing regulatory systems on offshore aquaculture; existing local, State, Federal, and foreign regulatory standards that may serve as models for efficient and effective regulation of offshore aquaculture; and the considerations necessary to account for the effects of climate change predictive assessments on the siting and operation of offshore aquaculture facilities; and provide legislative and regulatory recommendations with respect to— promoting the methods of operation identified under paragraph (1)(A); mitigating adverse effects identified under paragraph (2)(B); environmental standards, control rules, or reference points that build upon the existing public and private standards for aquaculture sustainability; and ensuring that operators of offshore aquaculture facilities adhere to international standards for social responsibility, public health, and equitable labor practices, including with respect to sourcing inputs for such facilities.
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Sec. 4
Study of aquaculture permitting standards
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