Sec. 403. Advanced scientific computing research
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Section 304 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act ( 42 U.S.C. 18642 ) is amended— by redesignating subsections
(a)through
(c)as subsections
(b)through (d), respectively; and by inserting before subsection (b), as redesignated by paragraph (1), the following: The Director shall carry out a research, development, and demonstration program to advance computational and networking capabilities to analyze, model, simulate, and predict complex phenomena relevant to the development of new energy technologies and the competitiveness of the United States. . Such section, as amended by subsection (a), is further amended by adding at the end the following: The Secretary shall establish a program to develop and implement a strategy for achieving computing systems with capabilities beyond exascale computing systems. In establishing this program, the Secretary shall— maintain foundational research programs in mathematical, computational, and computer sciences focused on new and emerging computing needs within the mission of the Department, including but not limited to post-Moore’s law computing architectures, novel approaches to modeling and simulation, artificial intelligence and scientific machine learning, quantum computing, and extreme heterogeneity; and retain best practices and maintain support for essential hardware and software elements of the Exascale Computing Project that are necessary for sustaining the vitality of a long-term exascale ecosystem. Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate, a report on the development and implementation of the strategy outlined in paragraph (1). The Secretary shall support a program of fundamental research, development, and demonstration of energy efficient computing technologies relevant to advanced computing applications in high performance computing, artificial intelligence, and scientific machine learning. In carrying out the program, the Secretary shall— establish a partnership for National Laboratories, industry partners, and institutions of higher education for codesign of energy efficient hardware, technology, software, and applications across all applicable program offices of the Department; develop hardware and software technologies that decrease the energy needs of advanced computing practices; consider multiple heterogeneous computing architectures, including neuromorphic computing, persistent computing, and ultrafast networking; and provide, as appropriate, on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis, access for researchers from institutions of higher education, National Laboratories, industry, and other Federal agencies to the energy efficient computing technologies developed pursuant to clause (i). In selecting participants for the partnership established under subparagraph (A)(i), the Secretary shall select participants through a competitive, merit-review process. Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate, a report on— the activities conducted under subparagraph (A); and the coordination and management of the Program to ensure an integrated research program across the Department. The Secretary shall carry out a program to develop tools for big data analytics by utilizing data sets generated by Federal agencies, institutions of higher education, nonprofit research organizations, and industry in order to advance artificial intelligence technologies to solve complex, big data challenges. The Secretary shall carry out this program through a competitive, merit-reviewed process, and consider applications from National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, multi-institutional collaborations, and other appropriate entities. In carrying out the program established under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall— establish a cross-cutting research initiative to prevent duplication and coordinate research efforts in artificial intelligence and data analytics across the Department; conduct basic research in modeling and simulation, artificial intelligence, machine learning, large-scale data analytics, natural language processing, and predictive analysis in order to develop novel or optimized predictive algorithms suitable for high-performance computing systems and large biomedical data sets; develop multivariate optimization models to accommodate large data sets with variable quality and scale in order to visualize complex systems; establish multiple scientific computing facilities to serve as data enclaves capable of securely storing data sets created by Federal agencies, institutions of higher education, nonprofit organizations, or industry at National Laboratories; and promote collaboration and data sharing between National Laboratories, research entities, and facilities of the Department by providing the necessary access and secure data transfer capabilities. Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a report evaluating the effectiveness of the program under paragraph (1), including basic research discoveries achieved in the course of the program and potential opportunities to expand the technical capabilities of the Department through the development of artificial intelligence and data analytics technologies. The Secretary shall provide for an upgrade to the Energy Sciences Network user facility in order to meet Federal research needs for highly reliable data transport capabilities optimized for the requirements of large-scale science. In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure the following capabilities: To provide high bandwidth scientific networking across the continental United States and the Atlantic Ocean. To maximize network reliability. To protect the network and data from cyber-attacks. To support exponentially increasing levels of data from the Department’s scientific user facilities, experiments, and sensors. To integrate heterogeneous computing frameworks and systems. The Director of the Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research shall support the development of a computational science workforce through a program that— facilitates collaboration between university students and researchers at the National Laboratories; and endeavors to advance science in areas relevant to the mission of the Department through the application of computational science. The Secretary shall support the Computational Science Graduate Fellowship program in order to facilitate collaboration between graduate students and researchers at the National Laboratories, and contribute to the development of a computational workforce to help advance research in areas relevant to the mission of the Department. From within funds authorized to be appropriated under section 409 of the Securing American Leadership in Science and Technology Act of 2021 for Advanced Scientific Computing Research Program, the Secretary shall make available for carrying out the activities under this section— $21,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; $22,050,000 for fiscal year 2023; $23,152,500 for fiscal year 2024; and 24,310,125 for fiscal year 2025. . Subsection
(d)of such section, as redesignated by subsection (a)(1), is amended to read as follows: The Director shall carry out activities to develop, test, and support— mathematics, models, statistics, and algorithms for modeling complex systems on advanced computing architectures; and tools, languages, programming environments, and operations for high-end computing systems (as defined in section 2 of the American Super Computing Leadership Act ( 15 U.S.C. 5541 ), as renamed by this section). The Director shall maintain a balanced portfolio within the advanced scientific computing research and development program established under section 976 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 ( 42 U.S.C. 16316 ) that supports robust investment in— applied mathematical, computational, and computer sciences research needs relevant to the mission of the Department, including activities related to data science, artificial intelligence, scientific machine learning, quantum information science, and other emerging areas; and associated high-performance computing hardware and facilities. . Section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act ( 15 U.S.C. 8801 ) is amended— by redesignating paragraph
(7)as paragraph (8); and by inserting after paragraph
(6)the following: The term quantum network infrastructure means any facility, expertise, or capability that is necessary to enable the development and deployment of scalable and diverse quantum network technologies. . Title IV of the National Quantum Initiative Act ( 15 U.S.C. 8851 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following: The Secretary of Energy (referred to in this section as the Secretary ) shall carry out a research, development, and demonstration program to accelerate innovation in quantum network infrastructure in order to— facilitate the advancement of distributed quantum computing systems through the internet and intranet; improve the precision of measurements of scientific phenomena and physical imaging technologies; and develop secure national quantum communications technologies and strategies. In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall— coordinate with— the Director of the National Science Foundation; the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology; the Chair of the subcommittee on Quantum Information Science of the National Science and Technology Council established under section 103(a); and the Chair of the subcommittee on the Economic and Security Implications of Quantum Science; conduct cooperative research with industry, National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, and other research institutions to facilitate new quantum infrastructure methods and technologies, including— quantum-limited detectors, ultra-low loss optical channels, space-to-ground connections, and classical networking and cybersecurity protocols; entanglement and hyper-entangled state sources and transmission, control, and measurement of quantum states; quantum interconnects that allow short range local connections between quantum processors; transducers for quantum sources and signals between optical and telecommunications regimes and quantum computer-relevant domains, including microwaves; development of quantum memory buffers and small-scale quantum computers that are compatible with photon-based quantum bits in the optical or telecommunications wavelengths; long-range entanglement distribution at both the terrestrial and space-based level using quantum repeaters, allowing entanglement-based protocols between small- and large-scale quantum processors; quantum routers, multiplexers, repeaters, and related technologies necessary to create secure long-distance quantum communication; and integration of systems across the quantum technology stack into traditional computing networks, including the development of remote controlled, high performance, and reliable implementations of key quantum network components; engage with the Quantum Economic Development Consortium (QED–C) to transition component technologies to help facilitate as appropriate the development of a quantum supply chain for quantum network technologies; advance basic research in advanced scientific computing and material science to enhance the understanding, prediction, and manipulation of materials and processes relevant to quantum network infrastructure; develop experimental tools and testbeds necessary to support cross-cutting fundamental research and development activities with diverse stakeholders from industry and institutions of higher education; and consider quantum network infrastructure applications that span the Department of Energy’s missions in energy, environment, and national security. In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall leverage resources, infrastructure, and expertise across the Department of Energy and from— the National Institute of Standards and Technology; the National Science Foundation; the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; other relevant Federal agencies; the National Laboratories; industry stakeholders; institutions of higher education; and the National Quantum Information Science Research Centers. Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of the Securing American Leadership in Science and Technology Act of 2021, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate, a 4-year research plan that identifies and prioritizes basic research needs relating to quantum network infrastructure. The Secretary shall review activities carried out under this section to determine the achievement of technical milestones. Funds authorized to be appropriated for the Department of Energy’s Office of Science, there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this section, $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026. Not later than 90 days of the date of the enactment of the Securing American Leadership in Science and Technology Act, the Secretary of Energy (referred to in this section as the Secretary ) shall, establish and carry out a program (to be known as the Quantum User Expansion for Science and Technology program or QUEST program ) to encourage and facilitate access to United States quantum computing hardware and quantum computing clouds for research purposes in order to— enhance the United States quantum research enterprise; educate the future quantum computing workforce; and accelerate the advancement of United States quantum computing capabilities. In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall— coordinate with— the Director of the National Science Foundation; the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology; the Chair of the Quantum Information Science of the National Science and Technology Council established under section 103(a); and the Chair of the subcommittee on the Economic and Security Implications of Quantum Science; provide researchers based within the United States with access to, and use of, United States quantum computing resources through a competitive, merit-reviewed process; consider applications from the National Laboratories, multi-institutional collaborations, institutions of higher education, industry stakeholders, and any other entities that the Secretary determines are appropriate to provide national leadership on quantum computing related issues; and consult and coordinate with private sector stakeholders, the user community, and interagency partners on program development and best management practices. In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall leverage resources and expertise across the Department of Energy and from— the National Institute of Standards and Technology; the National Science Foundation; the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; other relevant Federal agencies; the National Laboratories; industry stakeholders; institutions of higher education; and the National Quantum Information Science Research Centers. In carrying out the activities authorized by this section, the Secretary, in consultation with the Director of the National Science Foundation and the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, shall ensure proper security controls are in place to protect sensitive information, as appropriate. Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of the Securing American Leadership in Science and Technology Act of 2021, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate, a report on the results of the QUEST program activities and any other information the Secretary determines appropriate. Funds authorized to be appropriated for the Department of Energy’s Office of Science, there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this section, $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2026. .
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Sec. 403
Advanced scientific computing research
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