Sec. 5. Research and development
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The House of Representatives finds the following: Federal funding plays an important role in research and development. Federal research and development investments need to be significantly increased to ensure United States leadership in artificial intelligence. Federally supported research will play an important role in supporting artificial intelligence techniques that are critical to United States artificial intelligence leadership, including by exploring novel techniques that leverage smaller data sets to train artificial intelligence systems and making more efficient use of computing resources.
Artificial intelligence advances are enabled by Federal research and development investments in other technology sectors because United States economic competitiveness and national security will depend on strong capabilities across a range of technologies. Computing power is essential to progress in artificial intelligence development, and the amount of computing power required for artificial intelligence training runs is increasing exponentially. A new wave of technological advances could be fostered by combining and increasing access to government-owned and government-funded computing and data resources.
Expanding access to digital infrastructure, such as broadband, will be essential to creating new job opportunities and stimulating the growth of new technology and innovation clusters to support United States leadership in artificial intelligence. Incentivizing research and development across the private sector, particularly from smaller companies, will further strengthen the United States innovation ecosystem. The United States is an attractive research and development partner because it is home to world-class universities, research institutes, and corporations.
Decades of experience show that joint work with foreign researchers can be done with great benefit and little detriment to United States economic and national security with the implementation of proper safeguards. Artificial intelligence standards and measurement are essential to fostering artificial intelligence technologies that are safe, secure, reliable, and comport with the norms and values of the United States. Metrics are how the artificial intelligence research community guides itself and prioritizes research.
Benchmark tests are necessary to understand the performance of an artificial intelligence system. Current tests for measuring artificial intelligence range from vague and conceptual to well-defined and mature. Artificial intelligence measurement methodologies are not static and will require periodic reexaminations and updates of testing methodologies to ensure that artificial intelligence systems are functioning according to best-known practices. United States leadership in global artificial intelligence standards-setting will help ensure that artificial intelligence implementations are in accordance with United States strengths and comport with the interests and values of the United States.
Public engagement is necessary for developing voluntary consensus standards, guidelines, and frameworks to ensure diverse perspectives are considered. It is the sense of the House of Representatives that the Federal Government should increase investments in artificial intelligence research and development and related fields. It is the sense of the House of Representatives that departments and agencies of the Federal Government should collaborate— with the private sector, civil society, and academia— to ensure that the United States innovation ecosystem leads the world in artificial intelligence research and development; and to develop voluntary consensus standards, guidelines, and frameworks that will help create shared conceptual foundations, terminology, and best practices for artificial intelligence fairness and bias mitigation; and with science funding organizations in like-minded countries to establish multilateral teams of artificial intelligence researchers from the public and private sectors to promote additional talent development and foster partnerships on artificial intelligence research and development.
It is the sense of the House of Representatives that the Federal Government should— expand access to broadband in rural and underserved areas; expand the availability of affordable graphics processing units and high-performance computers in rural and underserved areas; improve digital infrastructure in the United States; and make data created by federally-funded scientific and technical research publicly available with appropriate privacy protections to provide artificial intelligence researchers with new data sets to train their systems.
It is the sense of the House of Representatives that Congress should consider establishing a national computing and data resource. It is the sense of the House of Representatives that the existing supercomputing labs at the national laboratories and technology centers of the Department of Energy should expand opportunities for academics and researchers to access such labs for artificial intelligence research and research related to artificial intelligence. It is the sense of the House of Representatives that Congress should examine whether targeted incentives and reforms to the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 would increase private sector research and development, particularly with respect to small cap corporations.