Sec. 122. Reauthorization of Water Desalination Act
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Section 3 of the Water Desalination Act of 1996 ( 42 U.S.C. 10301 note; Public Law 104–298 ) is amended by adding at the end the following: In carrying out this section, the Secretary of the Interior shall prioritize funding for research— to reduce energy consumption and lower the cost of seawater and brackish water desalination; to reduce the environmental impacts of seawater desalination, including subsurface intakes and other technological improvements, and develop technology and strategies to mitigate those impacts; to improve existing reverse osmosis and membrane technology; to carry out basic and applied research on next generation desalination technologies, including graphene membranes, forward osmosis, hybrid membrane-thermal desalination, improved energy recovery systems, and renewable energy-powered desalination systems that could significantly reduce desalination costs; to develop portable or modular desalination units capable of providing temporary emergency water supplies for domestic or military deployment purposes; and to encourage development of desalination siting plans, including maps of preferred and priority locations, by States that consider local and regional water supply needs and sources, potential impacts on coastal and ocean resources and fisheries, the effects of sea level rise and other factors that affect project siting. .
Section 4 of the Water Desalination Act of 1996 ( 42 U.S.C. 10301 note; Public Law 104–298 ) is amended— in subsection (a)— by redesignating paragraphs
(2)and
(3)as paragraphs
(3)and (4), respectively; and by inserting after paragraph
(1)the following: Award grants and enter into contracts with non-Federal project sponsors to provide financial assistance to study the feasibility and support the design of desalination facilities (including associated water distribution infrastructure) that provide usable water. ; and by adding at the end the following: In carrying out demonstration and development activities under subsection (a), the Secretary of the Interior shall prioritize projects— in drought-stricken States and communities; in States for which funding has been authorized for desalination demonstration and development projects; and that can reduce reliance on imported water supplies that have an impact on species listed under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 ( 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq. ). In carrying out this section, the Secretary of the Interior shall establish criteria to determine projects eligible for grant funding based on the ability of the projects to provide regional water supply benefits, including— improving water supply reliability in regions subject to frequent and severe drought; enhancement of public health, safety, ecosystems, and watershed sustainability; preservation of groundwater through reduction of withdrawals from aquifers; offsetting demand for water conveyed from environmentally sensitive areas outside service area of the project; and mitigation of saltwater intrusion to aquifers. . Section 7 of the Water Desalination Act of 1996 ( 42 U.S.C. 10301 note; Public Law 104–298 ) is amended— in the first sentence, by striking The Federal share and inserting the following: Except as provided in paragraph
(2)and subsection
(b)and limited to the 5 years following the date of enactment of the California Emergency Drought Relief Act, the Federal share ; in the second sentence, by striking A Federal and inserting the following: A Federal ; in the third sentence, by striking The Secretary and inserting the following: The Secretary ; in the fourth sentence, by striking Costs and inserting the following: The costs ; and in subsection
(a)(as designated by paragraph (1)), by adding at the end the following: The Federal share of the cost of project design under section 4 shall not exceed 25 percent of the total cost of the project design. . In order to advance water desalination research and project development, section 8 of the Water Desalination Act of 1996 ( 42 U.S.C. 10301 note; Public Law 104–298 ) is amended— in subsection (a), in the first sentence— by striking $5,000,000 and inserting $10,000,000 ; and by striking 2013 and inserting 2020 ; and in subsection (b), by striking $3,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2013 and inserting $50,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2016 through 2020 . Section 9 of the Water Desalination Act of 1996 ( 42 U.S.C. 10301 note; Public Law 104–298 ) is amended— by striking the section designation and heading and all that follows through In carrying out the provisions of in the first sentence and inserting the following: In carrying out ; in the second sentence, by striking The authorization and inserting the following: The authorization ; and by inserting after subsection
(b)(as so designated) the following: For the effective period of the California Emergency Drought Relief Act, the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy shall develop a coordinated strategic plan that— establishes priorities for future Federal investments in desalination; and coordinates the activities of Federal agencies involved in desalination, including the Bureau of Reclamation, the National Science Foundation, the Office of Naval Research of the Department of Defense, the National Laboratories of the Department of Energy, the United States Geological Survey, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. .
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- Pub. L. 104-298
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