Sec. 302. Reauthorization of Desalination Act
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Section 2 of the Water Desalination Act of 1996 ( 42 U.S.C. 10301 note; Public Law 104–298 ) is amended— by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), (3), (4), and
(5)as paragraphs (2), (3), (5), (6), and (4), respectively, and moving the paragraphs so as to appear in numerical order; and by inserting before paragraph
(2)(as so redesignated) the following: The term Administrator means the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency. . Section 3 of the Water Desalination Act of 1996 ( 42 U.S.C. 10301 note; Public Law 104–298 ) is amended by adding at the end the following: In carrying out this section, the Secretary of the Interior shall prioritize funding for research— to reduce energy consumption and lower the cost of seawater and brackish water desalination; to reduce the environmental impacts of seawater desalination and develop technology and strategies to minimize those impacts; to improve existing reverse osmosis and membrane technology; to carry out basic and applied research on next generation desalination technologies, including graphene membranes, forward osmosis, hybrid membrane-thermal desalination, improved energy recovery systems, and renewable energy-powered desalination systems that could significantly reduce desalination costs; and to develop portable or modular desalination units capable of providing temporary emergency water supplies for domestic or military deployment purposes. . Section 4 of the Water Desalination Act of 1996 ( 42 U.S.C. 10301 note; Public Law 104–298 ) is amended by adding at the end the following: In carrying out demonstration and development activities under this section, the Secretary shall prioritize projects— in drought-stricken States and communities; in States that have authorized funding for research and development of desalination technologies and projects; and that can reduce reliance on imported water supplies that have an impact on species listed under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 ( 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq. ). . Section 8 of the Water Desalination Act of 1996 ( 42 U.S.C. 10301 note; Public Law 104–298 ) is amended— in subsection (a), in the first sentence— by striking $5,000,000 and inserting $10,000,000 ; and by striking 2013 and inserting 2020 ; and in subsection (b), by striking for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2013 and inserting for each of fiscal years 2016 through 2020 . Section 9 of the Water Desalination Act of 1996 ( 42 U.S.C. 10301 note; Public Law 104–298 ) is amended— by striking the section designation and heading and all that follows through In carrying out in the first sentence and inserting the following: In carrying out ; in the second sentence, by striking The authorization and inserting the following: The authorization ; and by inserting after subsection
(a)(as designated by paragraph (1)) the following: The White House Office of Science and Technology Policy shall develop a coordinated strategic plan that— establishes priorities for future Federal investments in desalination; and coordinates the activities of Federal agencies involved in desalination, including the Bureau of Reclamation, the National Science Foundation, the Office of Naval Research of the Department of Defense, the National Laboratories of the Department of Energy, the United States Geological Survey, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. . The Water Desalination Act of 1996 ( 42 U.S.C. 10301 note; Public Law 104–298 ) is amended by adding at the end the following: In order to facilitate the development of water desalination projects, the Administrator shall develop and implement a program to provide financial assistance to study the feasibility and support the design of desalination facilities (including associated water distribution infrastructure) that provide usable water. The Administrator may provide grant assistance to a non-Federal project sponsor to evaluate and determine the feasibility of a public or public-private desalination project. The Federal share for a feasibility study under paragraph
(1)shall not exceed 50 percent of the cost of the study. In carrying out this subsection, the Administrator shall establish criteria to determine projects eligible for grant funding based on the ability of the projects to provide regional water supply benefits, including— improving water supply reliability in regions subject to frequent and severe drought; enhancement of public health, safety, ecosystems, and watershed sustainability; preservation of groundwater through reduction of withdrawals from aquifers; offsetting demand for water conveyed from environmentally sensitive areas outside service area of the project; and mitigation of saltwater intrusion to aquifers. The Administrator may provide grant assistance to a non-Federal project sponsor for the design of a public or public-private desalination project. The Federal share for project design under paragraph
(1)shall not exceed 25 percent of the cost of project design of the project. In carrying out this subsection, the Administrator shall establish criteria to determine projects eligible for grant funding, including— completion of a feasibility study described in subsection (b); demonstration of technical feasibility and cost effectiveness; completion of all required State and Federal environmental impact analyses; receipt of all necessary local, State, and Federal permits; demonstration of financial capability of non-Federal project sponsors; quantification and net cost of water produced by the project; and identification of users of produced water supply, including water purchase agreements and other contractually binding mechanisms. Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this section, the Administrator shall publish appropriate guidance to implement this section. There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2016 through 2020, to remain available until expended. Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary of the Navy shall submit to Congress a report on the application of desalinization technology for defense and national security purposes to provide drought relief to areas impacted by sharp declines in water supply. .
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- Pub. L. 104-298
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